Endometriosis

Endometriosis and Fertility: Expert Diagnosis and Treatment at Michigan Fertility Institute

Understanding Endometriosis and Its Impact on Fertility

Endometriosis is a common yet often misunderstood condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) grows outside the uterus, leading to chronic inflammation, pain, and sometimes fertility issues. At Michigan Fertility Institute, we have a breadth of experience in endometriosis and are excited to help women overcome the challenges it can present to fertility.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or the lining of the pelvic cavity. During the menstrual cycle, this tissue responds to hormonal changes just like the uterine lining, thickening and shedding. However, unlike the tissue inside the uterus, this tissue has no way to exit the body, leading to inflammation, pain, and scar tissue formation. Over time, endometriosis can lead to:

• Infertility: Endometriosis can affect ovulation, disrupt the function of the fallopian tubes, and impact embryo implantation.
  
• Chronic pelvic pain: Painful periods, painful intercourse, and pelvic discomfort are common symptoms.
  
• Irregular menstrual cycles: Heavy bleeding or spotting between periods may occur.
  

How Endometriosis Affects Fertility

Approximately 20-50% of infertile women have endometriosis. The condition can interfere with the normal function of the reproductive system by:

• Blocking the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting
  
• Disrupting ovulation or causing hormonal imbalances that affect egg production
  
• Creating scar tissue that can affect the communication between the ovaries and fallopian tubes as well as the ability to implant a fertilized egg in the uterus

Many women with endometriosis may have difficulty conceiving, but with the right treatment, pregnancy is possible.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis

At Michigan Fertility Institute, we help patients understand the diagnostic process for endometriosis, which may involve a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and, in some cases, laparoscopy—a minimally invasive procedure used to identify endometrial tissue outside the uterus.

Once diagnosed, we work together with you and other healthcare providers to explore a range of treatment options that can be tailored to your specific needs. These may include::

• Medication: Hormonal treatments, such as birth control, GnRH agonists, or progestins, to reduce or stop the growth of endometrial tissue and relieve pain.
  
• Surgical treatment: Laparoscopic surgery to remove endometrial tissue, scar tissue, or adhesions, which may improve fertility and reduce pain.
  
• Assisted reproductive technologies (ART): For women struggling with infertility, in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be recommended. IVF can bypass issues related to fallopian tube damage or ovarian function caused by endometriosis.
  
• Pain management: Medications to manage pelvic pain and discomfort associated with endometriosis.
  

Personalized Care and Emotional Support

We understand that dealing with endometriosis can be physically and emotionally challenging. At Michigan Fertility Institute, we provide compassionate care, guiding you through your treatment options and offering emotional support throughout your journey. Our team is committed to helping you manage your symptoms and optimize your fertility.